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Compare Western Sahara (2001) - Saint Helena (2002)
Compare Western Sahara (2001) z Saint Helena (2002)
| Western Sahara (2001) | Saint Helena (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (under de facto control of Morocco) | 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: 18.8% (male 698; female 678)
15-64 years: 71.9% (male 2,727; female 2,531) 65 years and over: 9.3% (male 296; female 387) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads) | corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha) |
| Airports | 11 (2000 est.) | 1 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
266,000 sq km land: 266,000 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 410 sq km
land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes St. Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands |
| Area - comparative | about the size of Colorado | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed and is not expected to occur until at least 2002. | Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station. |
| Birth rate | - | 13.26 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues: $11.2 million
expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92) |
| Capital | none | Jamestown |
| Climate | hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew | Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena) |
| Coastline | 1,110 km | 60 km |
| Constitution | - | 1 January 1989 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Western Sahara former: Spanish Sahara |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Helena |
| Currency | Moroccan dirham (MAD) | Saint Helenian pound (SHP) |
| Death rate | - | 6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | claimed and administered by Morocco, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991 | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) |
| Economy - overview | Western Sahara, a territory poor in natural resources and lacking sufficient rainfall, depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. Most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Incomes and standards of living are substantially below the Moroccan level. | The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. |
| Electricity - consumption | 83.7 million kWh (1999) | 4.65 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 90 million kWh (1999) | 5 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Sebjet Tah -55 m highest point: unnamed location 463 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m |
| Environment - current issues | sparse water and lack of arable land | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
none of the selected agreements signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Arab, Berber | African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% |
| Exchange rates | Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996) | Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6047 (1997); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound |
| Executive branch | none | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since NA June 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch |
| Exports | $NA | $704,000 f.o.b. (1995) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphates 62% | fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts | South Africa, UK |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | - | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: 40%-45% (1996 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 24 30 N, 13 00 W | 15 56 S, 5 42 W |
| Geography - note | - | harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns |
| Heliports | 1 (2000 est.) | - |
| Highways | total:
6,200 km paved: 1,350 km unpaved: 4,850 km (1991 est.) |
total: 158 km (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)
paved: 138 km (Saint Helena 98km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km) unpaved: 20 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | $14.434 million c.i.f. (1995) |
| Imports - commodities | fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs | food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts |
| Imports - partners | Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts | UK, South Africa |
| Independence | - | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | phosphate mining, handicrafts | construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 21.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 3.2% (1997 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | ICFTU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | - | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court |
| Labor force | 12,000 | 3,500
note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50% | agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total:
2,046 km border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 19% forests and woodland: 0% other: 81% |
arable land: 12.9%
permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic | English |
| Legal system | - | NA |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: 77.2 years
male: 74.31 years female: 80.23 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition: age 20 and over can read and write
total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.) |
| Location | Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco | islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa |
| Map references | Africa | Africa |
| Maritime claims | contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | NA | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | - |
| National holiday | - | Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) |
| Nationality | noun:
Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s) adjective: Sahrawian, Sahraouian |
noun: Saint Helenian(s)
adjective: Saint Helenian |
| Natural hazards | hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility | active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha |
| Natural resources | phosphates, iron ore | fish |
| Net migration rate | - | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | - | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 250,559 (July 2001 est.) | 7,317 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | - | 0.7% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun) | Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 56,000 (1997) | 3,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Muslim | Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign has yet to be completed | NA years of age |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
sparse and limited system domestic: NA international: tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco |
general assessment: can communicate worldwide
domestic: automatic network international: HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK ; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | about 2,000 (1999 est.) | 2,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1999) | 0 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 0
note: television programs are received in St. Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002) |
| Terrain | mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast | Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin |
| Total fertility rate | - | 1.53 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 14% (1998 est.) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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